hit counter script
Canon Elura 2 Instruction Manual

Canon Elura 2 Instruction Manual

Canon instruction manual digital video camcorder elura2, elura2mc
Hide thumbs Also See for Elura 2:
Table of Contents

Advertisement

DIGITAL VIDEO CAMCORDER

Instruction Manual

CAMESCOPE ET LECTEUR VIDEO NUMERIQUES
Mode d'emploi
VIDEOCAMARA Y GRABADORA DIGITAL
Manual de Instrucciones
This instruction book explains the use of the ELURA2 and ELURA2 MC camcorders. The only dif-
ference between these models is that the ELURA2 MC includes a MultiMediaCard Memory Card
function. Please note that illustrations in this instruction book refer mainly to the ELURA2 model.
Ce mode d'emploi explique l'utilisation des camescopes ELURA2 et ELURA2 MC. L'unique dif-
férence entre ces deux modèles réside dans le fait que le modèle ELURA2 MC possède une carte
de mémoire MultiMedia. Veuillez noter que des illustrations de ce mode d'emploi renvoient essen-
tiellement au modèle ELURA2.
Este manual de instrucciones explica el uso de las videocámaras ELURA2 y ELURA2 MC. La
única diferencia entre estos dos modelos radica en que la ELURA2 MC incluye una función de tar-
jeta de memoria MultiMediaCard. Por favor tenga en cuanta que las instrucciones de este manual
de instrucciones corresponden principalmente al modelo ELURA2.
NTSC
ENGLISH
E
FRANÇAIS
F
ESPAÑOL
Es
Mini
Digital
Video
Cassette

Advertisement

Table of Contents
loading

Summary of Contents for Canon Elura 2

  • Page 1: Instruction Manual

    DIGITAL VIDEO CAMCORDER Instruction Manual CAMESCOPE ET LECTEUR VIDEO NUMERIQUES Mode d’emploi VIDEOCAMARA Y GRABADORA DIGITAL Manual de Instrucciones This instruction book explains the use of the ELURA2 and ELURA2 MC camcorders. The only dif- ference between these models is that the ELURA2 MC includes a MultiMediaCard Memory Card function.
  • Page 2: Important Usage Instructions

    If such changes or modifications should be made, you could be required to stop operation of the equipment. Canon U.S.A. Inc. One Canon Plaza, Lake Success, NY 11042, U.S.A. Tel No. (516)328-5600 CAUTION: TO PREVENT ELECTRIC SHOCK, MATCH WIDE BLADE OF PLUG TO WIDE SLOT, FULLY INSERT.
  • Page 3: Important Safety Instructions

    1_ELURA2_E(02-07) 7/25/00 16:59 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS In these safety instructions the word “product” refers to the Canon Digital Video Camcorder ELURA2/ELURA2 MC and all its accessories. 1. Read Instructions — All the safety and operating instructions should be read before the product is operated.
  • Page 4 20. Replacement Parts — When replacement parts are required, be sure the service technician has used replacement parts that are specified by Canon or that have the same characteristics as the original part. Unauthorized substitutions may result in fire, electric shock or other hazards.
  • Page 5: Table Of Contents

    7/25/00 16:59 Contents Introduction Important Usage Instructions ...2 IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ...3 Thank you for Choosing a Canon ...6 Introducing the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC ..7 Mastering the Basics Finding Your Way Around the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC...8 ~ Preparations ... ~ Powering Your Camcorder ...11 Loading a Cassette ...14...
  • Page 6: Thank You For Choosing A Canon

    1_ELURA2_E(02-07) 7/25/00 16:59 Thank you for Choosing a Canon First, we’d like to thank you for purchasing this Canon camcorder. Its advanced technology makes it very easy to use — you will soon be making high-quality videos which will give you pleasure for years to come.
  • Page 7: Introducing The Elura2/Elura2 Mc

    Audio Dubbing/A/V Insert Editing Add new sound to original sound, or replace original sound and images on a prerecorded tape. Analog Line-in Recording Connect to a VCR or analog camcorder and record onto a DV tape in the ELURA2/ELURA2 PCM Digital Sound...
  • Page 8: Finding Your Way Around The Elura2/Elura2 Mc

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Finding Your Way Around the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC Record review button (p. 52)/ REC (record) SEARCH – button (p. 52)/ (rewind) button (p. 24)/ CARD – button (ELURA2 MC only) (p. 101) (stop) button (p. 24) Self-timer button (p.
  • Page 9 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Viewfinder (p. 116, 121) (p. 53) Program selector Program AE (p. 53) Easy Recording (p. 53) (p. 35) SELECT dial POWER indicator (p. 16) Page 9 Viewfinder focusing lever (p. 116) Finder release button (p. 121) Stereo microphone (p. 88) PHOTO button (p.
  • Page 10 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 MultiMediaCard compartment cover (ELURA2 MC only) (p. 94) PHOTO button (p. 49, 97) START/STOP button (p. 17) MENU button (p. 35) SELF TIMER button (p. 67) TV SCREEN button (p. 132) DATA CODE button (p. 75) AUDIO MONITOR button (p. 91) REC PAUSE button (p.
  • Page 11: Powering Your Camcorder

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Powering Your Camcorder Before operating your camera, you will need to use the power adapter to: Provide power from an AC outlet Charge a battery pack • The power adapter converts current from a household power socket (100–240 V AC, 50/60 Hz) to the DC current used by your camera.
  • Page 12 The power adapter supplied with your camcorder can hold two battery packs and is capable of charging them one after another. Additional battery packs are available as an optional accessory ( Always turn the camera off before connecting/removing the battery.
  • Page 13 Subject to change without notice. When replacement of power supply is required, please return it to the responsible nearest Canon Service Center and please replace it with the same type number CA-400 or equivalent. The Adapter can be used with a power supply between 100 and 240 V AC. For areas where 120 V AC power is not used, you will need a special plug adapter.
  • Page 14: Loading A Cassette

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Loading a Cassette OPEN / EJECT OPEN / EJECT Only use videocassettes marked with the D logo.* Loading and unloading 1. Make sure that you have attached a power source. 2. Slide the OPEN / EJECT 5 switch upwards to release the cassette compartment cover.
  • Page 15: Cassette Memory

    • To protect the tape heads, transfer cassettes directly from the tape case to the camcorder — do not open the tape protect cover or touch the tape itself. • Do not use cassettes where the tape has been damaged or spliced — they may damage the camcorder.
  • Page 16: Basic Recording

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Basic Recording Before you start recording Have you completed the following steps? • Attached a power source ( • Removed the lens cap ( • Chosen the display: viewfinder ( • Extended the viewfinder ( • When you’re using the viewfinder, fully close the LCD or rotate the LCD so that it faces the same direction as the lens ( You may also want to install the backup battery ( and time display (...
  • Page 17 • Disconnect the power source. • To check that the camera is recording correctly, make a test recording first. • Before making important recordings, clean the video heads using a Canon DVM-CL Digital Video Head Cleaning Cassette or a commercially available digital video head cleaning cassette.
  • Page 18 • A tape recorded in LP mode on other digital equipment may produce mosaic- like noise and the sound may become distorted when played back on this camcorder, and vice versa. 16:9 (Widescreen TV recording) Produces images in the 16:9 format for playback on widescreen TVs.
  • Page 19 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Confirmation/Warning beeps The camera’s short operation confirmation beeps are indicated by ` in the illustrations. Beeps sound upon certain camera operations such as when you turn the camera on, during the self-timer countdown, right before the camera’s automatic shut-off, and also upon any unusual condition of the camera.
  • Page 20: Zooming

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Zooming 10× optical zoom The camera’s 10× zoom lens allows you to choose the best picture angle for each scene: • Move the zoom control towards W to zoom out to wide-angle. • Move it towards T to zoom in to telephoto. You can also control the speed of zooming: •...
  • Page 21: Using The Lcd Screen

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Using the LCD Screen Open the LCD screen Push the LCD panel OPEN button and open the panel by pulling it away from the camera. This automatically switches the LCD screen on and the viewfinder off. When you close the LCD panel, the LCD screen automatically switches off and the viewfinder switches back on.
  • Page 22: Adjusting The Lcd Screen

    About the LCD Screen The LCD screen built into this camcorder is a high precision product. However, small black dots or bright points of light (red, blue or green) may appear constantly on the LCD screen. This is not a malfunction of the LCD screen and they are not recorded on the tape.
  • Page 23: Allowing The Subject To Monitor Recording

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Allowing the subject to monitor recording When you turn the LCD panel so that it faces the same direction as the lens, you can watch yourself during recording or let your subject monitor recording. The viewfinder is also activated when the panel is in this position.
  • Page 24: Playing Back A Cassette

    • To wind the tape backwards, stop playback and press the ` (rewind) button. • If the playback picture is rough (mosaic-like noise), clean the video heads using a Canon DVM-CL Digital Video Head Cleaning Cassette or a commercially available digital video head cleaning cassette. Page 24...
  • Page 25 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Page 25 Other playback modes Playback pause Press the a (pause) button. To resume normal playback, press it again, or press the e (play) button. The camera automatically goes into stop mode after about 5 minutes’ playback pause. Fast forward playback To play back the recording at about 9.5 times normal speed, press and hold the 1 (fast forward) button during normal playback or press and hold the 1 (fast...
  • Page 26 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Special playback Frame Advance To play back frame by frame, press the +/ ae button repeatedly during playback pause. Press and hold to play back continuous frame advance. Frame Reverse To play back in reverse frame by frame, press the –/4a button repeatedly during playback pause.
  • Page 27 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Built-in speaker The camcorder has a built-in speaker so you can review the sound track alongside the picture during playback. Adjust the speaker volume by turning the SELECT dial. • Turn the SELECT dial up to increase the volume, and down to lower the volume.
  • Page 28: Connections For Playback On A Tv Screen

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Connections for Playback on a TV Screen You can connect the camera to a TV or VCR in order to play back your recordings. You will need to attach a power source to the camera ( Power off all devices before starting the connections. See your TV or VCR instruction manual for further details.
  • Page 29 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Specifications S-video terminal input/output Microphone terminal Headphone terminal LANC u u terminal Dimensions Weight Weight and dimensions are approximate. Erorrs and omissions excepted. Subject to change without notice. If your TV (or VCR) has an S (S1) -video input terminal For higher picture quality, we recommend playing back recordings on a TV with an S (S1) terminal.
  • Page 30 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 If your TV (or VCR) has audio/video input terminals • Connect the camera using the STV-250N Stereo Video Cable. Connect the white plug to the white audio terminal L (left). Connect the red plug to the red audio terminal R (right).
  • Page 31: Tips For Making Better Videos

    2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Tips for Making Better Videos Holding the camera For maximum stability, grip the camera in your right hand and keep your right elbow pressed against your body. If necessary support the camera with your left hand. With practice, you will be able to operate the controls by touch, without taking your eye off the action.
  • Page 32 2_ELURA2_E(08-32) 7/25/00 17:03 Picture angle Instead of zooming while recording, try to choose your picture angle before you begin. A good way to tell a story with video is to begin with a long shot that establishes the situation, and then move in with medium shots and close-ups to show the details.
  • Page 33: Turning The Image Stabilizer Off

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:08 Turning the Image Stabilizer Off With most camcorders, even the slightest hand movements will be noticeable during telephoto recording. However, the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC’s image stabilizer allows you to obtain steady recordings even at high magnification. CARD MOVIE P.SCAN R E C To turn the image stabilizer off, open the menu and select CAM.SET UP.
  • Page 34: Using The Menus

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Using the Menus Many of the camera’s advanced functions are selected from menus which appear in the display. There are 4 main menus: CAM. MENU Camera menu VCR MENU VCR menu C.REC MENU Card record menu C.PLAY MENU Card play menu CAM.
  • Page 35 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 MENU 1. Turn the POWER dial to the appropriate setting. 2. Press the MENU button to open the menu. • One of the main menus appears, according to the POWER dial setting. 3. Turn the SELECT dial and move the arrow to the desired submenu.
  • Page 36 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 List of Menus Turn to the appropriate page for a detailed explanation of each function. 2 2 CAM. MENU Appears when the POWER dial is set to There are 5(+1) submenus within the CAM. MENU. 1 To digital effects submenu 2 To camera set up submenu 3 To VCR set up submenu 4 To display set up submenu...
  • Page 37 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 3 VCR set up submenu !7 Record mode... !8 Wind screen ... !9 Audio mode ... @0 Return 4 Display set up submenu @1 Brightness ... @2 Mirror mode... @3 TV screen... @4 Date/time display... @5 Return 5 System submenu @6 Wireless controller...
  • Page 38 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 1 Digital effects submenu q Digital effects select ... w Fader ... e Effect... r Multi-image screen speed... t Multi-image screen split ... y Return 2 VCR set up submenu u Record mode... i Output channel... o Audio dubbing ... !0 Wind screen ...
  • Page 39: Digital Effects Submenu

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 5 Display set up submenu !8 Brightness ... !9 Displays ... @0 6-second auto date ... @1 Data code ... @2 Date/time select ... @3 Return 6 System submenu @4 Wireless controller... @5 Beep ... @6 Return 2 2 C.
  • Page 40: Return

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 2 Camera set up submenu y Shutter speed... u Digital zoom ... i Image stabilizer... o White balance ... !0 Return 3 Card set up submenu !1 Image quality ... !2 File numbers ... !3 Shutter sound ... !4 Return 4 Display set up submenu !5 Brightness ...
  • Page 41 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 1 Card operations submenu q To index ... w To image protect ... e To print mark ... r Copy from card to cassette . t Image erase ... y Format... u Return 2 VCR set up submenu i Record mode...
  • Page 42: Using The Wireless Controller/Tally Lamp

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Using the Wireless Controller/Tally Lamp The supplied wireless controller can operate the camera from a distance of up to 16 feet (5 m). Point it at the camera’s remote sensor while you press the buttons. The camera's tally lamp will light up when it receives signals from the wireless controller.
  • Page 43 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 When Operating 2 Canon DV Camcorders (Remote Sensor Mode) To prevent interference from other Canon wireless controllers being used nearby, there are 2 remote sensor modes and an off setting. The wireless controller and the camera have to be set to the same mode in order to be compatible.
  • Page 44 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 If your wireless controller isn’t working: Make sure the camera and the wireless controller are both set to the same mode. Check the mode the camera is set to by pushing any button other than the REMOTE SET button on the wireless controller. The camera’s mode appears in purple for about 4 seconds.
  • Page 45: Setting The Date And Time

    2. Select T.ZONE/DST. • The time zone display appears on the screen. • Your camcorder’s time zone is factory-preset to New York. If you are at another time zone, select your time zone first and daylight saving time (DST) setting if necessary.
  • Page 46 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 Time zone LONDON PARIS CAIRO MOSCOW DUBAI KARACHI DACCA BANGKOK H. KONG (Hong Kong) TOKYO SYDNEY SOLOMON • After you have selected your time zone and set the date and time, when you travel to another time zone, there is no need to reset the date and time.
  • Page 47: Date And Time Display

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Setting the clock After you set the date and time, the date/time and home time zone will be displayed for about 4 seconds each time you turn the power on. CARD MOVIE P.SCAN R E C 1. Open the menu and select SYSTEM. 2.
  • Page 48: Recording In Progressive Scan Mode (Digital Motor Drive)

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Recording in Progressive Scan Mode (Digital Motor Drive) In Progressive Scan Mode, the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC’s Digital Motor Drive records 30 full frame images per second, continuously, for superior quality frames. Use Progressive Scan Mode for fast moving scenes and moments that are hard to capture just taking a still photo.
  • Page 49: Taking Still Pictures To A Cassette

    6 seconds. During this time the camera also records the sound, and the display shows the still picture. • A counter display appears, and counts up to 6 seconds as the camcorder records the picture. • The camera returns to record pause mode.
  • Page 50 6 seconds. During this time the camera also records the sound, and the display shows the still picture. • A counter display appears, and counts up to 6 seconds as the camcorder records the picture. F disappears from the display.
  • Page 51: Transferring Still Pictures To A Pc With The Fr-100 (Optional)

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Transferring Still Pictures to a PC with the FR-100 (optional) -For ELURA2 - The Floppy Disk Still Image Recorder FR-100 captures images taken with the camera, compressing them in JPEG format and recording them as still images onto a floppy disk.
  • Page 52: Searching And Reviewing While Recording

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Searching and Reviewing While Recording Record search When the camera is in record pause mode, you can use record search to play the tape forwards or backwards to find the point where you want to start or resume recording. This is useful when you want to add a new scene to a previously used cassette.
  • Page 53: Using The Various Recording Programs

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Using the Various Recording Programs The camera provides you with a choice of 7 recording programs. They use different combinations of camera settings in order to adjust the exposure and other functions to match the recording situation. •...
  • Page 54 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Setting the program AE mode CARD MOVIE P.SCAN R E C 1. Slide the program selector to Q (program AE) mode. 2. Press the SELECT dial in to display the program menu. 3. Turn the SELECT dial to move the arrow up or down the display. 4.
  • Page 55 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Easy Recording The simplest way to use the camera is with the program selector set to the [ position. The camera will take care of focus, exposure and other adjustments, leaving you free to point and shoot. Auto This is the same as the Easy Recording program, except that you now have the option of using...
  • Page 56 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Spotlight This program is designed for recording spotlit scenes, such as on a stage. The exposure is automatically adjusted for glare-free recordings of subjects lit by a concentrated light source. Sand & Snow Use this program in places where the background is so bright that the subject appears underexposed in the display —...
  • Page 57: Using Digital Effects

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Using Digital Effects Use the camera’s digital effects for more interesting productions. (ELURA2 MC only: See p.106 for CARD MIX) • Faders: • Effects: • Multi-image Screen: Divides the display to show 4, 9 or 16 still photos. Has 4 Availability of digital effects by mode MOVIE Faders...
  • Page 58 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 • When you do not want to use digital effects, set D.E.SELECT to OFF through the menu. • The camera remembers your chosen digital effect setting until you change it. • Digital effects can be selected but not operated on a blank blue screen (appears in VCR mode).
  • Page 59 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 G Faders Fade Trigger (FADE-T) When you start recording, the scene gradually fades in from a black screen. When you stop recording, it gradually fades out. Wipe (WIPE) When you start recording, the picture begins as a thin vertical line in the center of the screen which gradually expands sideways until it fills the whole of the screen.
  • Page 60 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 G Effects Art (ART) Adds a paint-like effect, called solarization, to the image. Black and White (BLK & WHT) Makes the image black and white. Sepia (SEPIA) Makes a monochrome image with a brownish tint. Mosaic (MOSAIC) Blurs the image by enlarging the size of some pixels.
  • Page 61 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 Digital effects can be set with the controls on the body of the camera or the wireless controller. Pressing the L/M buttons on the wireless controller correspond to turning the SELECT dial up and down, and pressing the SET button corresponds to pressing the SELECT dial in.
  • Page 62 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:09 8. If you’re in MOVIE or P.SCAN mode: If you’re in VCR mode: Operating effects Sound records/plays back normally. When operating effects in MOVIE, P.SCAN or CARD REC mode, make sure the program selector is set to Q . CARD MOVIE P.SCAN...
  • Page 63: Using The Multi-Image Screen

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Using the Multi-Image Screen Divides your display image into 4, 9 or 16 smaller images with the Image Capture feature. With this feature, the camera captures the current scene being shot or replayed. Choose the transition speed — manual, fast (every 4 frames), moderate (every 6 frames) or slow (every 8 frames) —...
  • Page 64 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 8. Close the menu. • The digital effects menu disappears. • MULTI-S flashes in the display. Multi-image screen on/off 9. Push the D.EFFECTS ON/OFF button. • Manual: As you press the ON/OFF button, scenes will be captured one after another the indicated number of times.
  • Page 65: Audio Recording

    • For details of playing back a tape that has new sound on stereo 2, see p. 91. • When you record to the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC from a camcorder with DV terminal outputs, the audio mode display becomes set to “– – –.”...
  • Page 66 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 You can monitor the sound while recording and playing back by attaching stereo headphones to the H terminal on the docking unit. You can adjust the volume of attached headphones by turning the SELECT dial. • A VOLUME bar appears in the display to indicate the current volume. The volume level is the same regardless of mode.
  • Page 67: Setting The Self-Timer

    The F mark flashes white then turns green after the focus and exposure are set. If you are using the wireless controller, the F mark starts flashing immediately after you press the PHOTO button. • The camcorder takes the picture for approximately 6 seconds. Page 67 REC PAUSE...
  • Page 68 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 • If you have the beep turned on, it sounds each time the tally lamp flashes before recording. • To cancel the self-timer before the countdown has begun, press the TIMER button. • To cancel the self-timer once the countdown has begun, press the TIMER button, start/stop if you’re shooting movies, or PHOTO if you’re taking a still image.
  • Page 69: Adjusting Exposure Manually

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Adjusting Exposure Manually Exposure lock CARD MOVIE P.SCAN R E C When you are recording in situations where the lighting may change suddenly, you can lock the exposure at the current level in order to control the brightness of the image.
  • Page 70 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 • You cannot adjust the exposure without the e mark before E.LOCK in the display. Push the EXP button so that e appears before E.LOCK. Then you can adjust the exposure manually. • The standard exposure level depends on which recording program you have selected.
  • Page 71 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Concerning shooting in fluorescent lighting When the camera is set to [ (Easy Recording) or the Auto recording program, it automatically detects the flicker of fluorescent lighting and adjusts the shutter speed to compensate. However, if the brightness of the LCD or viewfinder display starts to flicker, make sure the camera is set to the Auto recording program and select the 1/100 shutter speed.
  • Page 72: Adjusting Focus Manually

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Adjusting Focus Manually The camera can focus automatically. All you have to do is point it, and whatever is in the center of the display will usually be in sharp focus. If it does not seem to be focusing well, it may be because the subject is not suitable for autofocus.
  • Page 73: Setting The White Balance

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Setting the White Balance The camera’s auto white balance system compensates for a wide range of lighting conditions. Although slight variations are unavoidable, colors will appear natural in virtually every situation. In some cases, you will get better results by setting the white balance yourself, or using one of the two preset modes:...
  • Page 74 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Setting the white balance manually will probably work better than auto white balance when shooting: Subjects with one dominant color, such as sky, sea or forest Close-ups In rapidly changing lighting conditions In places lit by certain types of fluorescent or mercury vapor lights •...
  • Page 75: Displaying Date, Time And Camera Data (Data Code)

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Displaying Date, Time and Camera Data (Data Code) The data code contains the date and time the recording was made. Cassette data codes can also display camera data (shutter speed and exposure settings). During VCR mode, the data code can be displayed or hidden while the camera is in play, slow or still mode.
  • Page 76: Setting The Data Code

    – If noise or tape damage prevents the data code from being read. • If a recording made on ELURA2/ELURA2 MC is played back on a different DV camcorder, the data code may not be displayed correctly. • The data code will appear in the display even if DISPLAYS ( set to OFF through the menu.
  • Page 77 3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Page 77 Six-second auto date The 6-second auto date appears for 6 seconds to mark the changeover of a day if the tape was being recorded at 12:00 midnight. It also appears for 6 seconds when you start playback and have the data code turned off. The 6-second auto date will adjust for any time zone changes you have indicated.
  • Page 78: Searching The Tape (Photo Search/Date Search)

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Searching the Tape (Photo Search/Date Search) This allows you to move quickly through still pictures recorded anywhere on a tape (photo search) or between different days or areas of recording (date search) on a tape. 1. Press the SEARCH SELECT button to choose between photo/date search.
  • Page 79: Returning To A Pre-Marked Position

    3_ELURA2_E(33-79) 7/25/00 17:10 Returning to a Pre-Marked Position Use the wireless controller to mark a point on a tape that you want to return to following playback. MOVIE P.SCAN 1. Press the ZERO SET MEMORY button on the wireless controller during playback at a point you want to return to later.
  • Page 80: Editing

    4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Editing to a VCR By connecting the camera to a VCR, you can edit your recordings in order to remove unwanted scenes — or combine different shots to create your own video productions. Preparations 1. Connect the camera to the VCR. •...
  • Page 81: Dubbing To/From A Cassette With Digital Video Equipment

    Example dubbing to the camera 1. Connect the camera and the other digital device. • Connect the Canon CV-150F DV cable (optional) with the sides of the plugs marked with the arrows facing as shown above. 2. Prepare the other device.
  • Page 82 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Dubbing 1. Find a point on your recorded cassette slightly before the section you want to copy and set it to playback pause mode. 2. Press the camera’s REC PAUSE button. • The camera enters record pause mode. 3.
  • Page 83: Recording From A Vcr, Tv Or Analog Camcorder (Analog Line-In)

    Recording from a VCR, TV or Analog Camcorder (Analog Line-in) You can record a TV program or a video played on your VCR or analog camcorder (for digital camcorders, see p. 81) onto a tape in the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC, if the TV or other device has audio/video outputs.
  • Page 84 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Dubbing 1. Find a point on your recorded cassette slightly before the section you want to copy and set it to playback pause mode. 2. Press the REC PAUSE button. • S-video and A/V IN/OUT terminals automatically work as input terminals. •...
  • Page 85: Recording Over Existing Scenes (A/V Insert Editing)

    7/25/00 17:16 Recording Over Existing Scenes (A/V Insert Editing) You can insert new scenes from your VCR or other camcorder onto your pre- recorded tape using the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC’s analog line-in or DV in terminals. Original video and audio will be replaced with the new video and audio.
  • Page 86 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Preparations The tape in the camera: When using the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC’s A/V insert function, only record to tapes recorded in SP mode with continuously recorded time codes. If there are non-recorded portions or portions recorded in LP mode on the tape, recording will stop.
  • Page 87 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Editing 1. On the VCR, locate a point 3 seconds before the scene to be inserted. Set the VCR to playback pause mode. 2. On the camera, press PLAY and locate the recording start point. Set the camera to playback pause mode. •...
  • Page 88: Audio Dubbing

    4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Audio Dubbing You can add sound to the original sound on a prerecorded tape from audio products (AUDIO IN) or with the internal or external microphone (MIC. IN). The original sound will not be erased. For best results, add sound to tapes that have been recorded with this camera in SP mode with 12 bit sound.
  • Page 89 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 • When you add sound using the built-in microphone make sure not to connect any cables to the MIC terminal (on the DU-300). • To use your TV to monitor video, connect the S-video terminal ( A/V terminal (use only the video plug) to your TV. You can monitor the sound with headphones ( Preparations Turn the camera’s POWER dial to VCR and load a recorded cassette.
  • Page 90 • There may be a loss of sound quality if you add sound to a tape recorded on a camcorder other than the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC. • After adding sound 3 or more times to the same place on a tape, there may be some loss in sound quality.
  • Page 91: Setting The Audio Mix

    4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Setting the Audio Mix When you play back a tape that was recorded in 12 bit mode, you can set the audio output to play: stereo 1 (the original sound), stereo 2 (any new sound, dubbed to the tape after recording), or mix the balance between the two. •...
  • Page 92 4_ELURA2_E(80-92) 7/25/00 17:16 Selecting audio output channels When you play back a tape whose audio has been recorded on multiple channels, you can change the output channels of that sound. VCR SET UP 1. Load a tape recorded with multiple-channel audio. 2.
  • Page 93: Multimediacard Introduction

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 MultiMediaCard Introduction -ELURA2 MC only- The MultiMediaCard (MMC), a type of Memory Card, stores and manages still images taken by the camera. You can do the following with the MultiMediaCard: • Record still images ( • View still images 3 ways: Single 101), Slide show ( 102) •...
  • Page 94 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Inserting and removing the MultiMediaCard 1. Turn the POWER dial to OFF. 2. Slide the MultiMediaCard compartment cover in the direction of the arrow and open. 3. Insert or remove the MultiMediaCard. • Push the MultiMediaCard all the way in. •...
  • Page 95: Image Quality

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 • Depending on the image you are recording, sometimes there will be no difference in image quality between settings. • Images are compressed and recorded in the JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group) format. • The number of pixels is 640 × 480 (VGA) in both FINE and STANDARD modes.
  • Page 96: File Numbers

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 File numbers The images you take are automatically assigned file numbers from 0001-9900 and stored in folders of 100 images each. Each folder is numbered from 100 to 998 and recorded on the MultiMediaCard. Sample images have been pre-recorded on the supplied MultiMediaCard, entering folder number 100.
  • Page 97: -Elura2 Mc Only

    3. Press the PHOTO button halfway and hold it. • Exposure is locked. • During autofocus F flashes white in the display as the camcorder adjust the focus and it is displayed continuously as a green mark when the camera is ready to take the still image.
  • Page 98 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 • To use the self-timer, press the PHOTO button fully down. For full details of how to use the self-timer, refer to p. 67. • The wireless controller’s PHOTO button has no half-way setting. Press the button fully and the camera immediately takes the image. Page 98 button before step 3, and then press the...
  • Page 99: Recording An Image From A Cassette As A Still Image

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Recording an Image from a Cassette as a Still Image -ELURA2 MC only- SLIDE SHOW CARD D.EFFECTS REC SEARCH Record an image from a cassette onto a MultiMediaCard. To automatically record multiple still images from a cassette to a MultiMedia Card, refer to “Copying Still Images from a Cassette”...
  • Page 100: Recording From Another Dv Device As A Still Image

    Side with arrow Preparations 1. Connect the camera to the other digital device. • Connect the Canon CV-150F DV cable (optional) with the sides of the plugs marked with the arrows facing as shown above. 2. Prepare the other device.
  • Page 101: Viewing Still Images

    TV, see “Connections for Playback on a TV Screen” on p. 28) • The camera may not be able to copy or play, etc., images recorded on a non- Canon camera or enhanced on a PC. There are 3 ways to view still images: •...
  • Page 102: Slide Show

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Slide Show With an image in the display, press the SLIDE SHOW button. • The images play back one after the other for 5 seconds each. To stop the slide show, press the SLIDE SHOW button. • The slide show starts or stops each time you press the SLIDE SHOW button. •...
  • Page 103: Preventing Accidental Erasure (Protect)

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Preventing Accidental Erasure (Protect) -ELURA2 MC only- SLIDE SHOW CARD D.EFFECTS REC SEARCH Select important images and protect them from accidental erasure. If a MultiMediaCard is formatted, however, all images, including protected images, will be permanently erased ( •...
  • Page 104: Erasing Still Images

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Erasing Still Images -ELURA2 MC only- SLIDE SHOW CARD D.EFFECTS REC SEARCH Erase images singly or all at once. • You cannot erase protected images. Cancel image protection ( order to erase an image. • Erase images with caution. Once an image has been erased it cannot be restored.
  • Page 105 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 To erase all images on the MultiMediaCard at once 4. Select ALL. • ERASE ALL IMAGES? [EXCEPT FOR the display. 5. Select YES. • All images except the protected ones are erased. • If you select NO, you return to step 3. 6.
  • Page 106: Combining Images And Recording Them To A Cassette (Card Mix)

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Combining Images and Recording Them to a Cassette (Card Mix) -ELURA2 MC only- Liven up your productions by superimposing one image on top of the other. Combine 2 still images or a still image and a moving image. Choose a still image from the MultiMediaCard, either one of the pre-recorded sample images ( or one you have recorded yourself, then combine it with the currently recording image, moving or still.
  • Page 107 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 CAM. CHROMA (Camera chroma key)- 2 pre-recorded sample images Superimpose the currently recording image on top of a still image, which becomes its background. Shoot the subject of the currently recording image against a blue background, such as a blue curtain. The original still image will appear in place of the blue area.
  • Page 108 1. Press the PHOTO button halfway down and hold it. • F flashes white in the display as the camcorder adjusts the focus and it is displayed continuously as a green mark when the camera is ready to take the image.
  • Page 109: Copying Still Images From A Cassette

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Copying Still Images from a Cassette -ELURA2 MC only- SLIDE SHOW CARD D.EFFECTS REC SEARCH Copies multiple still images from a tape to the MultiMediaCard, using the Photo Search function. • The still images' data codes will reflect the date and time the copies are made. CARD OPER.
  • Page 110: Copying Mmc Still Images To A Cassette

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Copying MMC Still Images to a Cassette -ELURA2 MC only- SLIDE SHOW CARD D.EFFECTS REC SEARCH Copies multiple still images from the MultiMediaCard to a cassette. • The still images' data codes will reflect the date and time the copies are made. CARD OPER.
  • Page 111: Marking A Still Image For Printing (Print Mark)

    -ELURA2 MC only- An image on a MultiMediaCard must be marked before it can be printed. The camera supports the can be automatically printed on a DPOF-supporting Canon printer. Up to 50 images per MultiMediaCard can be print marked. CARD PLAY CARD OPER.
  • Page 112: Formatting A Multimediacard

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Formatting a MultiMediaCard -ELURA2 MC only- Format new MultiMediaCards, if you get the message CARD ERROR, or to permanently and quickly erase all the images on a MultiMediaCard, including protected images (this includes the pre-recorded card mix sample images). The MultiMediaCard supplied with this camera has already been formatted for you.
  • Page 113: Other Information And Precautions

    5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Other Information and Precautions The camera formats MultiMediaCards in DCF (Design Rule of Camera File System). Images recorded on a MultiMediaCard with this camera can be transferred to a PC with the use of the following products: PC Card Adapter: Holds a MultiMediaCard then inserts into the PC card slot found on most types of laptop PCs.
  • Page 114 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 • Moving a MultiMediaCard rapidly between hot and cold temperatures may cause condensation to form on it, leading to malfunctions. Avoid this problem by placing the MultiMediaCard in a plastic bag and letting it slowly adjust to temperature changes before removing it from the bag.
  • Page 115 5_ELURA2_E(93-115) 7/25/00 17:25 Card luminance key Camera chroma key MultiMediaCard Specifications Capacity Interface Operating temperature range Dimensions Weight Weight and dimensions are approximate Errors and omissions excepted. Subject to change without notice. Page 115 8 MB MultiMediaCard standard 0°C – 40°C (32°F– 140°F) 32 ×...
  • Page 116: Preparing The Camera

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Preparing the Camera Adjust the viewfinder • Turn the POWER dial to MOVIE mode. Extend the viewfinder straight out, then adjust the viewfinder focusing lever to suit your eyesight. • The viewfinder extends straight out for comfortable viewing. Store the camera with the viewfinder flush with the body of the camera.
  • Page 117: Notes On Using The Batteries

    The power indicator light also flashes. • The indicator is not constant — different levels will be shown when you subject the battery pack and camcorder to different conditions. Page 117 BP-406 BP-422 (optional) 1 hr. 10 min.
  • Page 118 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 When to recharge You can recharge a lithium ion battery pack whenever it is convenient. Unlike a conventional battery pack, it does not have to be fully discharged first. However, as the battery pack will naturally discharge itself over time, it is best to charge it the same day you plan to use it, or the day before.
  • Page 119 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Installing the backup battery Open the cassette compartment cover. The cassette compartment will open automatically. If necessary, close it to give yourself more room to install the backup battery. Insert the CR1616 lithium battery as far as it will go with the + side facing outwards.
  • Page 120: Maintenance

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Maintenance Cautions Avoid high temperatures and high humidity. • Do not leave the camera inside a car in hot weather, for example. • Be careful of heat radiating from video lighting equipment. • Do not take the camera into a humid room. Avoid sudden changes in temperature.
  • Page 121 • For the best picture possible, after using the camera for approximately 20 hours, clean the video heads using Canon’s DVM-CL Digital Video Head Cleaning Cassette. If the “noise” remains, repeat the cleaning (up to maximum of 5 times).
  • Page 122 • You can use the compact power adapter to operate your camera and charge battery packs in any country where the electricity supply is between 100 and 240 V AC, 50/60 Hz. Contact your Canon dealer for information about plug adapters for overseas use.
  • Page 123 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Condensation Condensation may form on the camera when it is moved from a cold place to a warm place. Using the camera while condensation is present can damage both the tape and the camera. Condensation may become a problem: When you take the camera from a cold place to a warm room When the camera is left in a humid room...
  • Page 124: Troubleshooting

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Troubleshooting Refer to this checklist first if you have any problems with your camcorder. Possible explanations are given for each problem on the list — turn to the page numbers in parentheses for more information. Make sure that the camera is properly connected if you are using it with a TV or VCR.
  • Page 125 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 • Some subjects are not suitable for autofocus. In these situations, you will often get better results using manual focus ( about the same distance away, lock the focus, and then point the camera at your original, hard-to-focus subject. Horizontal stripes Many subjects at different distances...
  • Page 126 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 ? The playback picture is rough (with mosaic-like noise). ? There’s no picture on the TV screen, even though the tape is moving. ? There’s no sound coming from the speaker during playback. MultiMediaCard operations ELURA2 MC only Problem ? The MultiMediaCard will not insert.
  • Page 127 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 ? The PHOTO button doesn’t work. ? The image cannot be erased. Miscellaneous Problem ? The wireless controller doesn’t work. ? The power indicator is flashing. ? The camera malfunctions. ? The DV cable is connected correctly, but there’s nothing in the display.
  • Page 128: The Elura2/Elura2 Mc System Diagram

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 The ELURA2/ELURA2 MC System Diagram MiniDV Video Cassette WL-D75/WL-D76 Wireless Controller DU-300 ZR-1000 Zoom Docking Unit Remote Controller SA-1 Adapter Bracket VL-10Li Battery Video Light DU-300 BP-900 Series Docking Unit Lithium-ion Battery Pack Stereo Microphone (commercially available) SC-1000 Soft Carrying Case * ELURA2 MC only...
  • Page 129: Optional Accessories

    7/25/00 17:33 Optional Accessories Call or visit your local retailer/dealer for genuine Canon video accessories. You can also obtain genuine accessories for your Canon camcorder by calling: 1-800-828-4040, Canon U.S.A. Information Center. BP-400 Series Battery Packs Extra batteries for use with the ELURA2/ELURA2 MC.
  • Page 130 (optional). Zoom Remote Controller ZR-1000 When this product is plugged into the LANC m terminal of a Canon camcorder, it is possible to control functions such as the start and stop of recording and the zoom and focusing functions while the camcorder is mounted on a tripod, without touching the camcorder body itself.
  • Page 131 Image files can then be easily opened and viewed on your computer. This mark identifies genuine Canon video accessories. When you use Canon video equipment, we recommend Canon-brand accessories or products bearing the same mark.
  • Page 132 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Screen Displays To display the date and time, press the DATA CODE button. See also p. 75. Press the wireless controller’s TV SCREEN button or turn TV SCREEN on through the menu to see the other displays on the TV screen.
  • Page 133 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Shows how much battery power remains 117). The battery pack is exhausted ( 117). No cassette is loaded, or it is set for erasure prevention 14, 15). Remaining tape (Green: more than five minutes. Yellow: less than five minutes.
  • Page 134 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Zoom display ( 20): Optical zoom Optical plus 40× digital zoom Zoom in Zoom out The image stabilizer is turned on ( 33). CAM. MENU VCR MENU ( C. REC MENU (ELURA2 MC only) C. PLAY MENU (ELURA2 MC only) The remote sensor is turned off (...
  • Page 135 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 White balance is Indoor Outdoor U The 16:9 mode: the display flashes when the effect is being selected, and appears steadily when it is activated ( 18). Digital effects. The display flashes when the function is being selected and appears steadily when it is activated (...
  • Page 136 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 The number of still images that can still be recorded on the MultiMediaCard 97). (Green: 6 or more images. Yellow: Between 1 and 5 images Red: No more images) Accessing a MultiMediaCard 93). Current still image/Total number of still images on the MultiMediaCard 97).
  • Page 137: Caution Phrases

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:33 Caution phrases The camera displays various caution phrases — they appear for 4 seconds before disappearing. Appears each time you turn the power on, until you set the time zone, date and time ( 45). Appears when the battery pack is exhausted 12, 117).
  • Page 138 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:34 Appears when the video heads are badly contaminated 121). For ELURA MC An error has occurred with the MultiMediaCard. The camera can not record or play back. A temporary card error is also possible. If CARD ERROR disappears after 4 seconds and flashes red, format the...
  • Page 139: Specifications

    (49 × 60 × 11 mm) Weight: 2 oz (70 g) *Attach the DU-300 Docking Unit Weight and dimensions are approximate Errors and omissions excepted. Subject to change without notice. Canon is a trademark of Canon Inc. × 3 ×...
  • Page 140: Index

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/27/00 15:31 Index 16:9, 18 Å Abroad, Using the Camera, 122 Accessories, 6, 129 Adapter, AC, 11, 13 AE Programs, 53 Analog line-in, 83 Art, 60 Audio Dubbing, 88 Audio Mix, 91 Audio Mode, 65 Audio Output, 92 Audio Recording and Playback, Audio/Video Terminal, 30 Auto, 55 Autofocus, 72...
  • Page 141 Pause, Record, 16 Photo Search, 78 Playback, 24 Playback Connection, 28 Playback Pause, 25 Portrait, 55 Power Adapter, 11, 13 Powering Your Camcorder, 11 Pre-Marked Position, 79 Preparing the Camera, 116 Preventing Accidental Erasure*, Print Mark*, 111 Problems, 124 Progressive Scan, 48...
  • Page 142 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:34 Tips for Making Better Videos, 31 Tripod, 31 Troubleshooting, 124 TV, 28, 132 Ë Using the Camera Abroad, 122 Using the Menus, 34 ◊ VCR, 28 Videocassettes, 14 Video Heads, 121 Video ID-1 system, 29 Viewfinder, 116, 121 Viewing Still Images*, 101 „...
  • Page 143: Menu At A Glance

    6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/25/00 17:34 Menu at a Glance Use the list below to quickly navigate the camera’s menu. Functions are listed alphabetically. Function 16:9 effect 6-sec. Date Audio dub Audio mode Beep Brightness Card mix* Copy- card to cassette* Copy- cassette to card* Data code Date/time display Date/time select...
  • Page 144 6_ELURA2_E(116-146) 7/27/00 15:38 Function Image stabilizer Index* Multi-image screen speed Multi-image screen split Mirror mode Mix type* Mix level* Output channel Print mark* Protect* Quality* Record mode Remote sensor code Shutter speed Shutter sound* Tally lamp Time zone/DST TV screen White balance Wind screen Zoom...
  • Page 145 ELURA2/ELURA2 MC Digital Video Camcorder (“DV Camcorder”) purchased and used in the United States. Each Canon DV Camcorder, when delivered to you in new condition in its original container, is warranted against defective material or workmanship as follows: for a period of one (1) year from the date of original purchase (three (3) months in the case of the video head part), defective parts or DV Camcorders returned to a CUSA factory service center (“CUSA Center”) or...
  • Page 146 Ship your Canon digital video equipment in its original carton, box or equivalent, properly packed, fully insured with shipping charges prepaid, together with a copy of your bill of sale or other proof of purchase and a description of the problem to any of the Canon Service Facilities in Canada.
  • Page 147 15955 Alton Parkway, Irvine, CA 92718 USA CANON U.S.A., INC. HONOLULU OFFICE 1020 Auahi Street, Bldg. #8, Honolulu, HI 96814 USA G If you have any questions, call the Canon U.S.A. Information Center toll-free at 1-800-828-4040 (U.S.A. only). CANADA CANON CANADA INC. NATIONAL HEADQUARTERS 6390 Dixie Road, Mississauga, Ontario L5T 1P7 CANON CANADA INC.

This manual is also suitable for:

Elura 2mc

Table of Contents

Save PDF